NAD+
Age-related NAD⁺ decline underlies mitochondrial dysfunction. Supplementing with NMN can boost cellular NAD⁺ by 40–50%, enhancing energy metabolism and activating sirtuins. In Parkinson’s patients, 3 g/day NMN notably improved motor skills and cognition.
NAD⁺ improves insulin sensitivity and lipid handling. In high-fat-diet mice, NAD⁺ supplementation restored β-cell function and lowered blood glucose by 28%. Its enhancement of cardiac mitochondrial activity also suggests a novel approach for heart failure therapy.
UV-induced DNA damage is repaired via NAD⁺-dependent PARP. In vitro, 0.5 % NAD⁺ applied to skin cells increased collagen synthesis by 62% and reduced MMP-1 expression by 75%. Brands like Dr. Sam’s use transdermal delivery to overcome NAD⁺’s large-molecule barrier in anti-aging products.
As a cofactor for glutathione regeneration, NAD⁺ strengthens skin antioxidant defenses. Clinical usage of an NAD⁺ serum for eight weeks raised skin moisture by 34% and free-radical scavenging efficiency by 41%.
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